Notice above "according to His will, He heareth us". Does that mean if we pray for a brand new car that God will give it to us? Well, we of course have to go out and work for it, but if it's according to His Will, He hears us. Notice it still didn't say we are going to get what we prayed for. It depends if it is according to His will for us or not. Then also, if we pray for something that He knows will harm us, or is not in His Will, loving us, He won't do it. So how do we know what to pray for then? Studying His Word for ourselves will show each one of us. That's why He sent His Word to us. God has setup His Ways during this flesh age time, which we cannot just steer around. That's why when we don't study His Word, not knowing what is best for us, we can go out and try to be something we are not, or that isn't best for us, and it just will not work. We can cause 'conflict' in our lives which will bring misery upon ourselves. Is it God doing it, or of ourselves when that misery happens? Other than periods of temptation and testing by the evil one that all 'in Christ' must suffer at times, with most, we ourselves often bring misery on ourselves by not being in God's Will.
     God sent one of Satan's "messengers" to buffet Paul, keeping him in line for his chosen Mission. Paul prayed to our Heavenly Father three times to remove it. God told Paul His 'Grace' for him was good enough. So there's our example in praying for help in a matter (2 Corinthians 12:6-10). After petitioning God in the matter after three times, and we still run into a 'wall' with it, then it most likely is not according to God's Will; at least not at that time. We need to thank Him for the Grace He has given us in Christ Jesus, and 'press on', trying to do the best we can.
     So the other 'side', with one who leaves God out of their lives, and goes out to be what 'they' want to be and not caring about God's Will; they break the 'house rules', and wind up dishonoring their family, while bringing turmoil upon themselves. And for one who claims to be Christian, our 'family' is the Body of Christ. The 'key' - study 'all' of God's Word to know how to be in His Will, then He will add to us those things we need, and often, before we even ask. Paul taught in 1 Cor.10, going back to God's People in the wilderness, how they were 'under the cloud' of God's Glory then, but still many refused to be under His Will. Paul then said about all those events of the Old Testament:

1 Cor 10:11   Now all these things happened unto them for ensamples: and they are written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come.
12    Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall.

     Another level to this question of "Can I be what God wants me to be...", i.e., being one of God's servants vs. doing what we want to do with our own lives. There's many examples in God's Word where certain ones were 'chosen' for a specific Mission by our LORD; i.e. Moses, Jonah, Job, David, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, John the Baptist, Christ's Apostles, etc.
     Paul in Acts 9 was one such example. Christ intervened 'directly' in Paul's life, taking his 'free-will' choice to believe, or not to believe, away from him. Paul (named Saul then), was actually persecuting Christians at the time before Jesus struck him down on the road to Damascus (Acts 9). Our Lord said Paul was His 'chosen vessel' (Acts 9:15). Thus, Paul had a special Mission for Christ. Jonah was in the same situation, with being a chosen one, with a Mission for our Father. Neither Paul, nor Jonah, got out of performing that Mission. They had no choice in the matter.
     Some children may grow up later to fulfill some special Mission 'in Christ'. It might not be on Paul or Jonah's level or type, but none the less important to our Father. A chosen servant will bring 'much more' suffering on themselves by staying outside God's Will for them, vs. one who is not chosen. They will not 'get out of their duty'. God will bring calamities their way, until they get back in line. Our Father will naturally bring those to the forefront, making them easily recognizable. So they need to be properly 'instructed' about examples such as Paul, and Jonah. In the Book of Jonah, it's revealed that Jonah tried to get out of doing what God told him to do. God commanded him to go preach to the pagan city Nineveh. Did Jonah fulfill it? There's your example for a 'chosen' one. (see also Romans 9; 11; Jeremiah 1; all of the Book of Jonah).

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2.   I'll cover this question in two parts: the first is - "If I were to be left behind (on Judgment Day)..." 
     There are 'two' judgments (not per person, but two different times for different groups), because there are those of the 'first resurrection', who receive their 'reward' by Christ at His coming. Those are the 'sheep' on the right hand of Matt.25. Then there are those of the second resurrection, those who come to Christ during His thousand year reign. They will not experience the 'second death', which is the casting into the 'lake of fire' at the end of that thousand year period. Thus their 'reward' in Christ comes at the end of the thousand years, after Satan is loosed again for a short time (see Rev.20 for all this).
     Firstly, the Judgment of God's Great White Throne Judgment happens at the 'end' of Christ's thousand year reign on earth (Rev.20:11). 'Final' Judgment does not happen with Christ's return. The final Judgment will cast anything evil which is against God's Kingdom into the 'lake of fire'. That includes Satan, hell, i.e. the 'pit', his followers, etc.
     That idea there of being 'left behind' is a tradition of man not written in God's Word (study 1 Cor.15; 2 Cor.5 about being 'absent from the body'; Eccl.12 about what happens to each at death today, the flesh going back to the 'elements', and the 'spirit' going back to God).
     Read Zechariah 14 and Acts 1 together, to discover just 'how', and 'where' our Lord Christ returns. Discover from 1 Cor.15 just on which 'trumpet' our Lord Christ returns on (the "last trump", or 'trumpet' Paul wrote in 1 Cor.15, which is the "seventh" angel sounding of Rev.11:15). The Left Behind Series books and movies are against God. The deception message taught in them is not from our Heavenly Father and His Christ. Fanciful reading though, hmm? How silly it is to put man's books over God's Word! And that's exactly what many do when they have not thoroughly studied God's Word for themselves, but instead seek to some popular tradition which the world creates.
     The judgment of appearing before Christ, which happens at our Lord and Savior's return, is one of reward for His servants, but wrath to the 'goats' put on the left hand (see Matt.25:31-34). But that is not the The White Throne Judgment Day of God which happens later, written of in Rev.20:11. Do not leave out the 'thousand years' Millennium of Christ's reign, for it is clearly written of in God's Word:

Rev 20:2     And he laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil, and Satan, and bound him a thousand years,
3    And cast him into the bottomless pit, and shut him up, and set a seal upon him, that he should deceive the nations no more, till the thousand years should be fulfilled: and after that he must be loosed a little season.
4    And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and I saw the souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of Jesus, and for the word of God, and which had not worshipped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands; and they lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years.
5    But the rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection.
6    Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection: on such the second death hath no power, but they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with Him a thousand years.
7    And when the thousand years are expired, Satan shall be loosed out of his prison,

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3.    Well...yes! That is... if one wants to be part of His Family in Christ. Paul taught us about the powers given by Satan over this flesh world, about a 'battle':

Eph 6:10   Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of His might.
11    Put on the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil.
12    For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places.

     The whole reason we are born of woman in this flesh is to make a 'choice' of who we will serve, whether that be Christ our Lord, or defaulting to Satan, the controller of 'this' world (Luke 4:1-8). There is NO in between! There is no 'my' side, or 'our' side of neutrality. What did our Lord Christ say to the Church of Laodicia about spewing them out of His mouth, because they were neither 'hot' nor 'cold', but 'lukewarm' (Rev.3:16). Our Lord is teaching there to 'choose'. Pick which side you want to be on; make up your mind. Those who make no choice, naturally 'default' to Satan's side, regardless of whether they like it or not. The false teaching that each one can be their own 'individualist' just won't work in this matter with our LORD. Choose.

Footnotes:

All references to "Strong's nos." are from Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, PC Study Bible, Biblesoft, 1993-1996.